State and Local Government Deposits in the District: Laws and Deposit Allocation
Individuals and business firms in the United
States have a significant amount of latitude in
selecting financial institutions that will meet
their needs for depository services. The
choice may be made from any of the more
than 14,000 commercial banks located in the
50 states, although in practice, most small account
owners limit themselves to locally
available alternatives. In addition, depository
services are provided by approximately 5,000
savings and loan associations, more than 475
mutual savings banks, and more than 22,000
credit unions. While certain economic
factors—such as transactions cost and travel
time needed to conduct business—and noneconomic
considerations—such as convenience
of location—tend to influence the
private sector's selection of alternative financial
institutions, there are few legal barriers
that have a direct impact upon the depository
selection process. The one important legal
barrier that limits the choice is that nonbank
financial institutions are prohibited in most
states from offering demand deposit services.